[2006.07.13][Special]Russia: Richer, bolder—and sliding back

Acknowledgement
鸣谢

  In translating this lengthy article, The author received formidable help and support from many pals on the forum, hence the author would like to take this opportunity to express his sincere gratitude to them. They have generously offered valuable advice by which the author’s burden has been shouldered and from which his inspiration stems. In particular, the author wants to thank nEo, Zhuanggong, Epicure, Sparker,to name just a few. He benefits a great deal from them no matter when, in the past, at present or even in future. Any inappropriate part in his translation must not be to blame on them, but on the author himself. On the contrary, considering that they unselfishly offer their backup when they themselves have their hands full, any gratefulness rendered them should not be considered as flattery.
  For those who comment on this banal work, the author hopes as ever that they speek freely and present their opinions, positions and critique regarding this translation without any reservation . That is the same thing with which the author is once preoccupied.
  Thanks again to those pals for taking their precious time to read the author’s work.
  
  在完成这篇冗长译文的过程中,作者得到了许多论坛网友的鼎立襄助,在此衷心地向他们表示感谢,他们慷慨提供的宝贵建议给予翻译此文的作者巨大的慰藉和灵感。作者特别要感谢nEo,庄公,Epicure,Sparker等一些人,他们过去或现在以及将来都将使作者收益非浅。而译文中任何不当之处都与他们毫无关系,一概由作者自己负责。相反,对于他们在百忙中能抽出空来支援作者翻译工作的无私精神,作者的任何感谢之辞都绝非恭维奉承。
  对于点评拙作的网友,作者也一如既往地希望他们能毫无保留地阐述自己的意见、立场和批评。这与作者当初曾热衷于的事情如出一辙。
  再次感谢那些花宝贵时间阅读作者拙作的朋友

                                                   
Special Report

Russia


Richer, bolder—and sliding back
更富庶、更大胆——但倒行逆施

Jul 13th 2006 | NALCHIK
From The Economist print edition

The G8 leaders meeting in St Petersburg this weekend will find Vladimir Putin’s Russia assertive, oil-fired and authoritarian
本周在圣彼德堡举行的G8首脑会晤将昭示出弗拉基米尔·普京统治下的俄罗斯是个刚愎自用、石油驱动和独裁专制 [1] 的国度


  SHOES from Lobb’s, the poshest boot-maker in London, were not available in Yekaterinburg until Igor Markin opened his shop last year. It sits on the edge of a park that once belonged to the tsars, not far from where the last of them was murdered. Because of its defence industries, Yekaterinburg was a closed city for much of the Soviet era. In the 1990s it was notorious, even by Russian standards, for its gangsters. These days, says Mr Markin, Yekaterinburg’s highest-rollers often spend $50,000 or more in his store.
  总部位于伦敦的制靴商Lobb’s [2] ,是专做奢侈型鞋子的品牌,过去从未在俄罗斯的叶卡特琳堡开辟销路(或者可以翻成过去从未涉足俄罗斯的叶卡特琳堡的市场),直到伊格尔·马尔金(Igor Markin)去年在该市开店,这种局面才得以改观。该店坐落在一家公园的周边地带,过去这里是属于罗曼诺夫家族(沙皇家族)的领地,离末代沙皇被谋杀的地点不远。由于叶卡特琳堡的国防工业是其一大特色,因此在苏联时期的大半岁月中该城与外界接触寥寥。上世纪90年代,即便是按照俄罗斯的标准来看,该城也因为其猖獗的黑帮活动而名声狼籍。据马尔金称,如今叶卡特琳堡的大款们经常来他的店消费,而且出手阔绰,营业额时常能超过50,000美圆。
  

  继续阅读“[2006.07.13][Special]Russia: Richer, bolder—and sliding back”

[2006.10.08][Leaders]The Search for Talent

The Search for Talent
求贤若渴

The world’s most valuable commodity is getting harder to find
世界上最珍贵的商品,正变得越发难觅

THESE are heady days for most companies. Profits are up. Capital is footloose and fancy-free. Trade unions are getting weaker. India and China are adding billions of new cheap workers and consumers to the world economy. This week the Dow Jones Industrial Average hit a new high.
这是个令许多公司如痴如醉、欢欣鼓舞的年代。利润增长,资本自由流动,工会势力也日渐衰微。印度和中国为世界经济贡献了数以亿计的廉价劳动力和消费者。本周的道琼斯指数更是再创新高。

继续阅读“[2006.10.08][Leaders]The Search for Talent”

[2005.05.19]Zhang chunqiao张春桥

Obituary讣告Zhang Chunqiao 张春桥
May 19th 2005
From The Economist print edition
Zhang Chunqiao, a member of the Gang of Four, died on April 21st, aged 88
张春桥,“四人帮”成员之一,死于4月21日,终年88岁

IT TOOK almost three weeks for China’s state news agency to announce the death of Zhang Chunqiao. When it came, a mere four sentences described his career as “one of the culprits of the Lin Bao and Jiang Qing Counter-revolutionary Clique”. And that, indeed, was how most Chinese had last seen him, at his televised show-trial in 1981. Manacled, rumpled, with his spectacles askew, he had looked both pathetic and desperate. And no wonder. With the other members of the Gang of Four, Mao Zedong’s chief henchmen (only one of whom now survives), he had faced charges of ultimate responsibility for the persecution of 729,511 people, and the deaths of 34,800 of them, during the Cultural Revolution of 1966-76.
中国官方媒体在张春桥去世的三个星期后,才对外发布了消息。在这仅有四句话的新闻中,将他说成是“林彪江青反革命集团的主犯之一”。事实上,绝大多数中国人对他的最后印象是在1981年电视上的法庭公审。在那次审判中,他手带镣铐,衣着凌乱,眼镜歪斜,神情看起来既可怜又绝望。作为毛泽东的主要追随者,他和四人帮的其他成员(尚有一人还活着)不得不面临着审判,被指控的罪名是在66-76年的“文革”期间,对729,511人的迫害及34,800人的死亡负有完全的责任。

继续阅读“[2005.05.19]Zhang chunqiao张春桥”

[2006.09.09] Fear of flying:Welcome aboard

Fear of flying飞行恐惧


Welcome aboard
欢迎乘坐本次航班
Sep 7th 2006
From The Economist print edition
 

In-flight announcements are not entirely truthful. What might an honest one sound like? 

机舱广播未必都可当真。一个诚实的版本会是什么样的呢?

“GOOD morning, ladies and gentlemen. We are delighted to welcome you aboard Veritas Airways, the airline that tells it like it is. Please ensure that your seat belt is fastened, your seat back is upright and your tray-table is stowed. At Veritas Airways, your safety is our first priority. Actually, that is not quite true: if it were, our seats would be rear-facing, like those in military aircraft, since they are safer in the event of an emergency landing. But then hardly anybody would buy our tickets and we would go bust.

“女士们,先生们,早上好。感谢您搭乘真相航空公司的航班,我们的服务正如公司名称一样,只讲真话。请您系好安全带,将座椅靠背调直,收起小桌板。在真相航班上,您的安全是我们的首要考虑。说实在的,没那回事儿。如果真是安全第一的话,我们的座椅应该和军机一样是背对背的,那样,在紧急迫降时才比较安全。当然,如果我们的座椅真的改成了那样,就没人会买我们的票,我们也就关门大吉了。”

继续阅读“[2006.09.09] Fear of flying:Welcome aboard”

[2008.01.31]China’s fear of inflation闻“胀”色变

China’s fear of inflation
闻“胀”色变
Jan  31st 2008
From the Economist Intelligence Unit ViewsWire

Efforts to cool the economy may undo crucial reforms进退维谷!

Faced with rising consumer prices and signs of runaway growth, the Chinese Communist Party in November issued a strongly worded statement vowing to stem inflation and slow investment. At the time market players paid scant attention to it. But as the State Council’s increasingly stringent policies show no signs of letting up even in the face of global financial turmoil, players in China’s property and equity markets are at last waking up to the harsher reality. In recent weeks both housing and stock prices have started to retreat from their irrationally exuberant highs. Chinese policymakers, however, should be careful of what they wish for. Falling asset prices could bring back an old problem that many thought had been conquered: bad debts in the banking system. Meanwhile, inflation is reviving throwback elements of state economic planning.
面对不断攀升的物价水平和增长失控的迹象,中国政府于去年11月份发布了一份措辞“强硬”的通告,指出务必要抑制通货膨胀,防止投资过热。当时,市场并没有太过在意。不过,随着国务院再三从紧(即使面临全球性金融恐慌时也未见松动)的政策,中国房地产和证券市场终于觉醒。近几周,中国的房价和股价已开始从“非理性繁荣”向合理区间调整。不过,中国的当局者还应该小心谨慎。资产价格下跌说不好会让许多人认为业已医好的旧病―银行系统呆坏账―复发。同时,通货膨胀也正在“抵消”中央的经济政策。

继续阅读“[2008.01.31]China’s fear of inflation闻“胀”色变”

[2006.07.27] The future of globalization

Trade talks collapse

The future of globalization
全球化的未来

Jul 27th 2006
From The Economist print edition

The wrecking of the world trade talks was senseless and short-sighted
世贸谈判的破裂是何等的愚蠢与短见


WHEN the Middle East is ablaze, oil prices near record highs, the American economy cooling and the climate warming, it is hard to get excited about the beaching of trade talks. After all, globalisation is unstoppable: so what if a few technocrats in Switzerland packed up their briefcases and went home?
时值中东烽火通明、油价几近历史最高、美国经济趋冷以及气候变暖之际,贸易谈判的搁浅已很难激起人们的兴趣。毕竟,全球化是不可阻挡的:所以在瑞士与会的各国部长拍屁股走人又有何妨呢?

继续阅读“[2006.07.27] The future of globalization”

[2008.02.07] half-way there

America’s election
美国大选

Half-way there
下半场拉开帷幕
Feb 7th 2008
From The Economist print edition

The Republicans, at least, seem to have found a decent candidate
看来共和党已经找到了一位体面的候选人

                         Illustration by Kevin Kallaugher
WINSTON CHURCHILL, that famous half-American, once said that his mother’s countrymen could always be counted on to do the right thing, after exhausting the available alternatives. His words would apply well to the Republican Party just now. Having lengthily lionised “America’s mayor”, Rudy Giuliani, looked longingly at Reagan-lite Fred Thompson, flirted with millionaire Mitt Romney and sung along with preacherman Mike Huckabee, the party’s voters have sensibly plumped for John McCain, the only Republican whom pollsters give a chance of keeping the White House out of Democratic hands (see article). It is possible—just—to imagine Mr McCain failing to carry the nomination after Super Tuesday, which saw him win three times as many delegates as his nearest rival, Mr Romney, who suspended his campaign. But that would now require spectacular intervention by the Almighty on behalf of the admittedly pious Mr Huckabee.
声名显赫的温斯顿•丘吉尔拥有一半美国血统,在谈到母亲的同胞时,他曾作出如下评论:美国人在试遍各种可供选择的方案后,一定会做出正确的决定。如今的共和党恰恰印证了这句话。他们先是将鲁迪•朱利安尼奉为“美国的市长”,称道之声,不绝于耳;后又对佛莱德•汤普森寄予厚望,希望他继承里根总统的衣钵;忽而垂青于百万富翁米特•罗姆尼;忽而与传教士迈克•赫卡比放声高歌;但最后,共和党的选民终于理智地选择了党内唯一有望与民主党人争夺总统宝座的候选人:约翰•麦凯恩。在刚刚结束的超级星期二预选中,麦凯恩赢得的代表人数是紧随其后的米特•罗姆尼三倍之多,后者现已宣布退出竞选。虽然麦凯恩代表共和党角逐总统大选尚未成为定局,但要从他手中夺走党内提名,除非万能之主出手相助无比虔诚的赫卡比先生。

继续阅读“[2008.02.07] half-way there”

[2006.07.27] Venetian art

Venetian art
威尼斯艺术

The line of beauty
一线风情

Jul 27th 2006
From The Economist print edition

Bellini, Giorgione, Titian, and the Renaissance of Venetian Painting
贝里尼,乔尔乔内,提香及文艺复兴时代威尼斯绘画

By David Alan Brown

Yale University Press; 336 pages; $65 and £40

WHO was the first modern artist? How about Giorgione? A far-fetched notion, perhaps, but this Renaissance Venetian revolutionised painting—and his work, focusing on secular subjects such as nudes, landscapes and female beauty, was dubbed “modern” by the leading art commentator of the day, Vasari.
谁是第一个现代艺术家?是乔尔乔内?或许有些牵强,但这个文艺复兴时代的威尼斯人给绘画带来革命,他的画作关注世俗题材比如人体,风景和女性美,这些都被当时的评论家瓦萨里授予“现代”的称号。

继续阅读“[2006.07.27] Venetian art”

[2007.12.19]Jobs for life 一生悬命

Death by overwork in Japan 过劳死在日本

Jobs for life一生悬命
Dec 19th 2007 | TOKYO
From The Economist print edition

Japanese employees are working themselves to death
日本职员死工作



HARA-KIRI is a uniquely Japanese form of suicide. Its corporate equivalent is karoshi, “death by overwork”. Since this was legally recognised as a cause of death in the 1980s, the number of cases submitted to the government for the designation has soared; so has the number of court cases that result when the government refuses an application. In 1988 only about 4% of applications were successful. By 2005 that share had risen to 40%. If a death is judged karoshi, surviving family members may receive compensation of around $20,000 a year from the government and sometimes up to $1m from the company in damages. For deaths not designated karoshi the family gets next to nothing.

切腹是日本人独特的自杀方式。它的企业版则是过劳死,即“死于加班”。自80年代法律承认了过劳死是一种死因,提交给政府要求鉴别的案例数量飙升;同样的还有政府拒绝申请后的诉讼。在1988年,仅有大约4%的申请成功。到2005年,这个比例上升到40%。倘若鉴定为过劳死,幸存的家庭成员可以每年从政府领到约2万美元的补偿,有时还可以从公司拿到高达一百万美元赔偿。而不被认为是过劳死的死者家属几乎什么也得不到。

继续阅读“[2007.12.19]Jobs for life 一生悬命”

[2008.01.24] Nearly there

Artificial life 人造生命

Nearly there 即将到来

Jan 24th 2008
From The Economist print edition

The penultimate step towards the creation of artificial life has just been announced    通向人工生命的倒数第二步公诸于众

LIKE a striptease artist in front of an eager audience, Craig Venter has been dropping veils over the past few years without ever quite revealing what people are hoping to see: the world’s first artificial organism. He has been discussing making one since 1995, when he worked out the first complete genetic sequence of a natural living organism. And, after a lot of hard graft and blind alleys, he and his team have almost got there. As they report in this week’s Science, they have replicated the genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, the species that was the subject of that original sequencing effort. It is not actual life, but it is surely the tease before the last veil finally falls away.
就像热切观众面前的脱衣舞“表演艺术家”一样,克雷格·文特(Craig Venter)正在揭去——世界第一个人造组织——这一过去几年人们翘首以盼而又不为人知的神秘面纱。自1995年以来他就一直在讨论制造人造组织这一话 题,其间他破解出第一份自然活组织的完整基因序列。经过大量艰苦工作和碰壁,他和他的小组几乎达到了目标。根据他们在本周《科学》杂志上发表的报告,他们 复制了尿道支原体的基因组,最初基因测序工作就是利用这种支原体进行的。它们还不是真正的生命,但这就像最后一件衣服落下之前的挑逗一样。

继续阅读“[2008.01.24] Nearly there”